Autonomous Vehicles -Implementation and Security

This article discusses how autonomous vehicles (AVs) are changing the landscape of transportation. These vehicles offer amazing benefits but it also come with certain challenges, especially in technology field, security field, and ethics.

1. Benefits of Autonomous Vehicles

AVs will reduce accidents by eliminating offences like distracted or drunk driving. However, there are still tough decisions to make, such as whether to protect passengers or pedestrians in case of emergencies.

AVs communicate with each other, this will help to reduce traffic jams and fuel use. They can also park themselves, saving time and space.

These vehicles provide independence for elderly or disabled people. therefore it reduce fatigue for drivers. They can also serve as mobile workspaces or entertainment hubs.

Industries like trucking, mining, and the military use AVs for safer and more efficient work. It is because it automate the a lot of functions.

• AVs depend on sensors, cameras, GPS, and LiDAR. These tools can fail in bad weather or when interpreting human signals like hand gestures.
• When there is error in GPS or interference, it can send vehicles to wrong locations.

The technology is new in market therefore expensive. This making AVs unaffordable for many people.

• It’s unclear who is responsible in case of road accidents. the driver, the manufacturer, or the software developer.
• There are no consistent laws for AVs established in most countries.

• How should AVs handle emergencies? Should they prioritize passenger safety over pedestrians?
• AVs may struggle with changing human behavior or crime scenarios, such as carjackings.

Since AVs are convenient for auto drive, therefore, people might use them more. this will cause congestion. on roads.

AVs use advanced technology, which makes them vulnerable to hackers. Some common attacks include:

• Ultrasonic Sensors: Hackers can jam or trick sensors into missing obstacles. therefore, this will leads to accident or some malicious activities.
• LiDAR Systems: They can create fake obstacles, confusing the vehicle
• Cameras: When there is bright light, it will leads to temporarily blindness of cameras.

Hackers can trick AVs into navigating to the wrong location.

• Hackers can flood the network with fake messages and thus will disrupting communication between vehicles.
• These attacks can spread malware across many vehicles, causing chaos.

Since AVs are collecting and sharing personal data, which can be misused for tracking or surveillance.

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• Conduct more research to improve AV technologies, thus we are able to fix security gaps.
• Set clear rules and standards for AV safety, communication, and data protection.
• Encourage V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) communication to improve traffic safety and efficiency.
• Build secure systems, it will prevent from hacking and protect personal information.

Autonomous vehicles have the potential to change how we travel, making transportation safer and more efficient. However, they face major hurdles like high costs, unclear rules, and security threats. Governments, companies, and researchers must work together to address these challenges and make AVs a part of everyday life

Credits:

1. Firoz Khan, Higher Colleges of Technology, United Arab Emirates
2. R. Lakshmana Kumar, Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India
3. Seifedine Kadry, Faculty of Applied Computing and Technology, Noroff University College, Kristiansand, Norway
4. Yunyoung Nam, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, South Korea
5. Maytham N. Meqdad, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hillah, Iraq

Published: International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE)